Menene telomerase activator-cycloastraganol da aka gano a halin yanzu?

A cikin 1985, Greider et al. farkon gano telomerase, kuma wannan sabon enzyme da aka gano zai iya ƙara maimaita DNA zuwa ƙarshen chromosomes don kiyaye tsayin telomere. Telomerase wani hadadden ribonucleoprotein ne wanda asalinsa ya hada da TERT da TERC, wanda TERT shine mabuɗin sarrafa ayyukan telomerase. Tsawon Telomere yana ci gaba da raguwa yayin da sel suka rarraba. Lokacin da ya kai ga ƙima mai mahimmanci, yana haifar da siginar lalacewa na DNA, yana haifar da gajeriyar zagayowar tantanin halitta da jerin cututtuka na gazawar nama da ke da gajeriyar telomeres.

A cikin 2010, kamfanin Amurka Geron ya haɗu tare da Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Hong Kong akan aikin bincike don tantance masu kunnawa telomerase. An gano cewacycloastraganolzai iya kunna ayyukan telomerase kuma ya haifar da haɓaka telomere. Wannan binciken ya haɓaka haɓakar masu kunnawa telomerase. Ci gaban bincike da haɓaka samfuri masu alaƙa na barasa astragalus. Cycloastragenol (CAG) a halin yanzu shine kawai mai kunnawa telomerase da aka ruwaito tsakanin samfuran halitta. Yana iya magance raguwar telomere yadda ya kamata kuma yana da anti-tsufa, anti-apoptosis, anti-fibrosis, tsarin rigakafi, inganta yaduwar kwayar halitta da warkar da raunuka, da dai sauransu. Tasirin magunguna, ta haka yana da tasirin warkewa akan cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da rashin aikin telomere.

Cycloastragenol da tsufa

telomeres
Telomeres su ne sifofi na musamman a ƙarshen chromosomes waɗanda ke kare chromosomes kuma suna gajarta tare da kwafin chromosome da rabon tantanin halitta. Kwayoyin kuma suna tsufa yayin da telomeres ke raguwa.

telomerase
Telomerase na iya haɗa telomeres don daidaita tsayi da tsarin telomeres, don haka kare chromosomes da jinkirta tsufa na salula.

Anti-tsufa: Telomerase activator, wanda ke taka rawar hana tsufa ta hanyar haɓaka telomerase kuma ta haka yana jinkirta rage telomeres.

Telomeres su ne iyakoki a ƙarshen chromosomes na sel waɗanda ke kare su daga lalacewa yayin rarraba tantanin halitta. Yayin da sel ke ci gaba da rarrabuwa, telomeres na ci gaba da raguwa, suna kaiwa wani matsayi mai mahimmanci inda sel zasu tsufa ko mutu. Telomerase na iya tsawaita tsawon telomeres, kuma tsawon rayuwar sel zai ƙaru daidai da yadda ya kamata.

Tsufa wani bangare ne na rayuwa da babu makawa; duk da haka, masu bincike suna nazarin nau'o'in jiyya don ƙoƙarin guje wa wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da tsufa, ciki har da nazarin ilimin kimiyya. Senolytics sune mahadi waɗanda ke kawar da kwayoyin halitta (tsufa) kuma an nuna su don rage tasirin tsufa. Wani sabon binciken ya nuna cewa cycloastraganol yana da tasirin tsufa.

Nazarin, daga kasar Sin kuma aka buga a cikin International Journal of Molecular Sciences, ya mayar da hankali kan kwayoyin halittar dan adam da kuma berayen da ke haifar da jin dadi. Cycloastragenol yana rage sel masu hankali ba tare da shafar sel marasa hankali ba. Maganin Cycloastragenol kuma yana rage sunadaran da ke cikin sel masu hankali waɗanda ake buƙata don haɓakar tantanin halitta da rayuwa. Bugu da ƙari, yana hana motsin tantanin halitta da ke da alaƙa da ƙwayoyin kumburi da matakai masu alaƙa da shekaru. An gano tsofaffin berayen da aka yi amfani da su tare da cycloastraganol suna da ƙarancin sel masu hankali da haɓaka rashin aikin jiki mai alaƙa da shekaru.

Cycloastragenol yana rage sel masu hankali

Senescence sanannen alama ce ta tsufa, amma masu bincike sun gano cewa kawar da kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin siginar su na iya taimakawa hana cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da shekaru har ma da juya su a wasu lokuta. A nan, masu bincike sun bi da kwayoyin jikin mutum tare da cycloastraganol kuma sun gano cewa ya kawar da kwayoyin halitta da kyau ba tare da rinjayar kwayoyin da ba su da hankali. Bugu da ƙari, alamun salula na sel masu hankali sun ragu sosai bayan maganin cycloastraganol.

Binciken da aka yi a baya ya nuna cewa hanyar PI3K / AKT / mTOR-hanyar siginar da ke tattare da ci gaban kwayar halitta da rayuwa-yana da hannu a cikin matakai masu kumburi da aka fara da kwayoyin halitta, suna taimakawa wajen inganta jin dadi a cikin sel kewaye. Masu binciken sun gano cewa cycloastragenol ya taimaka wajen rage sunadarai a cikin wannan hanya, yana nuna cewa fili na iya aiki ta hanyar toshe hanyar PI3K / AKT / mTOR don taimakawa wajen hana tsufa. Bugu da ƙari kuma, an nuna cycloastragenol don rage ikon sel masu hankali don inganta haɓaka ta hanyar sakin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, abubuwan haɓaka, da immunomodulators, daidai da shawarwarin da ke rage PI3K, AKT, da siginar mTOR na iya rage tasirin haɓakawa tsakanin sel kewaye. .

Cycloastragenol na cikin saponins na triterpene kuma ana samun shi ne daga hydrolysis na astragaloside IV. Yana da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da lipophilicity mai ƙarfi, wanda ke da amfani ga shigar da biofilm da kuma sha na gastrointestinal don cimma mafi kyawun bioavailability. Amfanin cycloastragalinol
1. Maganin lalacewar kwakwalwa
2. Inganta hanta fibrosis
3. Maganin ciwon kashi
4. Anti-tsufa sakamako
5. Jinkirta tsufar salula

Me yasa ya zama dole don hada cycloastraganol?

① Cycloastraganol yana da nau'ikan magunguna daban-daban kamar hana apoptosis cell cell apoptosis da neuroinflammation a lokacin ischemia na cerebral da kuma kiyaye shingen jini-kwakwalwa.
② Cycloastragenol shine kawai ƙananan ƙwayoyin terpenoid kwayoyin tare da ayyukan telomerase da aka gano zuwa yanzu kuma yana iya magance cututtukan neurodegenerative.
③ Yana da tasirin hana fibrosis na zuciya da kuma haɓaka rigakafin ƙwayar cuta. Shahararriyar kwayar halitta ce a cikin bincike da haɓaka magungunan rigakafin tsufa.

Matsalolin da suka wanzu

Abubuwan da ke cikin cycloastraganol a cikin Astragalus membranaceus yana da ƙasa sosai kuma yana da wahala a sami shi kai tsaye. Dabarun samar da cycloastraganol da ake da su sun dogara ne akan hakar magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin, wanda galibi ana samun su ta hanyar canza astragaloside IV a cikin Astragalus membranaceus. Wato, ana samun astragaloside IV ta hanyar dasa astragalus da fasahar al'adun nama, sannan astragaloside IV an canza shi zuwa cycloastragaloside ta amfani da acidolysis, lalata Smith, enzyme da microbial hydrolysis. Duk da haka, waɗannan hanyoyin shirye-shiryen suna da tsada, masu sauƙi don haifar da gurɓataccen muhalli, da wuya a rabu da tsaftacewa, kuma ba su da amfani ga aikace-aikace da haɓakawa. Saboda haka, mutane sun mayar da hankalinsu ga aikin wucin gadi na cycloastraganol.

Yadda ake amfani da ilimin halitta na roba don haɗawa? ---Synthetic Biology

Ilimin halitta na roba yana nufin ƙirar da aka yi niyya, canji, har ma da ƙirƙirar "rayuwar wucin gadi" tare da ayyukan da ba na dabi'a ba a ƙarƙashin jagorancin ra'ayoyin injiniya, wato, injiniyan ilmin halitta. Gabaɗaya magana, ana samar da ita ta amfani da hanyoyin nazarin halittu.